A sultanate is the state and territory ruled by a sultan, as well as the sultan's own office. Sultan is a title with several historical meanings, originally an Arabic abstract noun meaning strength, authority or rulership. The title later came to denote a ruler who claimed nearly full sovereignty without claiming the overall caliphate, or a powerful governor of a province within the caliphate.
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Sultanates and caliphates are related but distinct Islamic political institutions; many historical sultans ruled with nominal religious deference to a caliph while holding real temporal power themselves.
Sultanate is a specific historical form of monarchical rule under a sultan, used across many historical Muslim polities from the medieval Seljuk period onward.
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Sultan (Wikipedia)
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the state and territories ruled by a sultan, as well as his office, are referred to as a sultanate
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