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Social Groups

Maasai

African Peoples

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The Maasai are a Nilotic ethnic group of pastoralists native to the Rift Valley region of East Africa, concentrated in southern Kenya and northern Tanzania. They are organized by patrilineal clans and an age-set system in which young men pass through a warrior (moran) grade before becoming elders, and cattle wealth is central to social status and marriage exchange. Maasai communities are widely documented in ethnographic literature on East African pastoralism and have become, for outside observers, one of the most visually recognizable African ethnic groups because of the retention of distinctive dress and beadwork, though this visibility has also fed a degree of stereotyping the group's own scholars and advocates have pushed back against.

Facts
Group TypeSourced to the subject's own account
Ethnic group (pastoralist) 1
Typical RegionSourced to the subject's own account
East Africa (Kenya and Tanzania, Rift Valley and adjacent savanna) 1
Primary LanguageSourced to the subject's own account
Maa (Maasai) 1
Subsistence ModeSourced to the subject's own account
Traditionally semi-nomadic cattle pastoralism, organized around age-set warrior grades (moran) and transhumant herding of cattle, sheep and goats. 1
Disputed
Population Estimate
approximately 1.5 to 2 million 1
Sourced to the subject's own accountEstimates vary because Maasai population figures are drawn from national censuses in both Kenya and Tanzania using different ethnic-classification methods, and many pastoralist households are undercounted.
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